![]() ![]() have synthesized polyaniline-coated poly(butyl methacrylate) core-shell nanoparticles and formulated into electrically conductive colloidal inks appropriate for use in roll-to-roll printing (Figure 2). A number of important synthesis methods of core-shell nanoparticles/nanostructure have been discussed in the subsequent section. A water-soluble fluorescent hyperbranched conjugated polyelectrolyte (HCPE) with a unique double-layered architecture has been synthesized via the combination of alkyne polycyclotrimerization and alkyne-azide “click” reaction for live-cell imaging. Significant improvement of properties can often be achieved at a very low nanoparticle volume fraction. Polymer-Polymer Core-Shell Nanoparticles and Nanostructureįunctional core-shell polymer nanoparticles and nanocomposites have attracted a lot of attention due to the special thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties. Various synthesis approaches and applications of few important core-shell nanoparticles with polymer. The synthesis, characteristics, and new properties of different core-shell nanomaterials with polymer as either core or shell are summarized in Table 1. Synthesis and Characterization of Various Types of Core-Shell Nanomaterials On the basis of the core and shell of the materials, the synthesis techniques, their properties, and morphologies can be modified. These core-shell nanoparticles are produced by various synthesis approaches like hydrothermal synthesis, solvothermal synthesis, sol-gel method, emulsion polymerization, microemulsion polymerization, and so forth. The design and synthesis of novel core-shell nanomaterials/nanostructures with polymers, that possess high mobility, are one of the major challenges in polymer semiconductor research. Polymer and semiconductor core-shell have attracted considerable interest as a class of new materials with applications in various electronics including organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic photovoltaics (OPVs), sensors, and organic field effect transistors (OFETs) due to their advantages, such as low cost and easy device fabrication abilities. These metal core-shell nanoparticles exhibit size-induced quantum-size effects (i.e., electron confinement and surface effect) and can be exploited for a number of advanced functional applications as sensors, electronics, optoelectronics and catalysis. Recently, much attention has been focused on core-shell metal nanoparticles based on gold, platinum, and palladium because their properties markedly differ from their bulk. Below is the schematic of core-shell nanoparticles. For these six categories, the core and the shell materials may be reversed. There are different types of core-shell structure, like (1) metal-core and different metal shell, (2) metal-core and nonmetal shell, (3) metal-core and polymer shell, (4) nonmetal-core and nonmetal shell, (5) polymer-core and nonmetal shell and (6) polymer-core and polymer shell where the two polymers are different. Whenever the surface of the nanoparticles is modified by functional groups or molecules or coated with a thin layer of other materials (with different constituents), they show enhanced properties compared to the nonfunctionalized uncoated particles. Individual core-shell nanoparticles have various applications in diverse fields of medical biotechnology, like molecular bioimaging, drug delivery, cancer therapy, and so forth. Depending on the size and shape, their properties tune from material to another. They may be spherical, centric, eccentric, star-like, or tubular in shape. The core-shell nanocomposites and nanostructure may be with different sizes and different shapes of core and shell thickness with different surface morphology. The core-shell nanomaterials and nanostructures (Figure 1) have become an important research area since few decades due to their potential applications in various fields like catalysts, industrial and biomedical applications, and so forth. The future aspects of such core-shell nanostructures for biomedical and various other applications have been discussed with a special emphasis on their properties. Their physical and chemical properties have been addressed. The various characterization techniques for the core-shell nanostructure have also been discussed. The detailed discussion of the properties with experimental parameters has been carried out. Herein, various synthesis techniques, properties, and applications of these materials have been discussed. This paper covers the core-shell nanomaterials, mainly, polymer-core polymer shell, polymer-core metal shell, and polymer-core nonmetal shells. ![]()
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